Edema
Key Conditions
Key conditions are the core conditions that the Paediatric Undergraduate and Clerkship Directors of Canada (PUPDOC) felt are essential for graduating medical students to know. The Key Conditions are neither a differential diagnosis nor a clinical approach. They highlight conditions that may be unique to paediatrics, that are essential, or that are common. Key Conditions can present in a number of ways – each is listed as under the most common Clinical Presentation.
Clinical Approach
Clinical approaches represent one of many methods to think through a clinical presentation, and narrow down a differential diagnosis. There are many conditions that can present with similar symptomatology. These presentations are not meant to contain an exhaustive list of differential diagnoses, but rather outline how to think through patient signs and symptoms, and understand some of the most common and important Paediatric conditions. There are many different ways to approach any clinical presentation, and these approaches are not meant to replace clinical judgement.
Vignette
A mother brings her 7 year old boy to medical attention due to concerns of periorbital and leg edema that has worsened over the last week
Diagrams
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Edema
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Acute Renal Failure
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Chronic Kidney Disease
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Hematuria
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Proteinuria
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Hypertension
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Pre-Clerkship
Lecture materials and small group cases are posted here for University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine students. Access to these materials are password protected.
Lectures
- Urinalysis Course 4
- Hematuria Course 4
- Proteinuria Course 4
- Pediatric Renal Disease (includes Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome) Course 4
- Developmental Renal Anomolies Course 4
- Cystic Renal Disease Course 4
- Acute Kidney Injury 1 Course 4
- Acute Kidney Injury 2 Course 4
Small Groups
- Pediatric Nephrology Cases Course 6
- Acute Kidney Injury Small Group Course 4
- Nephrotic Syndrome Course 4
Clerkship
Lecture materials and small group cases are posted here for University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine students. Access to these materials are password protected.
Objectives
By the end of the Paediatric Clerkship, a medical student will be able to:
- Describe the fluid composition of the body, the body water compartments and the normal movement of fluids and electrolytes between compartments.
- Interpret the results of a urinalysis.
- Distinguish between pre-renal, renal and post-renal failure.
- Recognize the clinical features of nephritic and nephrotic syndromes.
Half Day Cases
- A 6 year old girl presents to your clinic with a 4 day history of swelling around the eyes. Parents have tried antihistamines at home with no improvement
- An 8 year old boy has come to the emergency department with a headache, and a 1 day history of brown urine
Resources
The following resources have been reviewed and collated by canuc-paeds. These resources are aimed to provide information at the level of the medical student. These include overviews of topics, clinical resources, and useful guidelines that contain relevant materials.
Papers
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Edema in Childhood. Hisano S et al.
1997; 59: S100-104. .
Covers localised and general edema, causes and management. -
The Nephrotic System. Gordillo R et al. .
Pediatrics in Review 2009; 30: 94-105..
Review of the mechanism of proteinuria, treatment and outcomes.
Videos
No videos.